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Originally used in pagan rituals to stop demons from entering homes; this benefit was extended to churches by early christians.
Like several other trees, it was said to be the one from which Christ’s cross was hacked.
Symbolic links are recorded in the words of “The Holly and the Ivy” carol: the spines represent the crown of thorns, the white flowers purity and the birth of Christ, the red berries drops of blood and the bitter bark the passion.
A good crop of berries is said to be the warning of a hard winter.
Cow herdsmen used sticks made of holly, as it would bring back runaway cows if thrown after them!
The old name for holly is “holm” which is found in place names.
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Hollies are slow growing, taking many years to reach tree height.
They are not fussy about soil type or situation, growing happily in sun or shade. However ones with variegated (2-colour) leaves require more light.
Nearly all hollies are either male or female. Berries will only grow on a female tree, and only then if there is a male tree nearby.
The wood is hard and heavy due to its slow growth and is used for carving, particularly chessmen and many other turned objects.
Almost all parts of the holly have been used for healing purposes. Eating small numbers of berries acted as a purgative (to clear out the digestive system). Large numbers act as an emetic (making you sick). Leaves were used to cure fever and improve circulation. All these remedies sound more painful than the complaint!
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